This agricultural system integrates the cultivation of crops with the raising of animals on the same farm. This integration often involves using crop residues as feed for livestock, while animal manure is utilized as fertilizer for crop production. An example includes a farm that grows corn and soybeans to feed hogs and cattle, subsequently using the manure from those animals to enrich the soil for future crop yields.
Such an approach offers several advantages. It promotes resource efficiency by cycling nutrients and reducing reliance on external inputs, such as synthetic fertilizers. This can lead to enhanced soil health, reduced environmental impact, and potentially increased farm profitability. Historically, this type of farming was a widespread practice, but has evolved with advancements in agricultural technologies and shifting market demands.